711 words
4 minutes
test01
2025-11-25

This is a test#

用于检测#

我可以用于写点步骤

i=1ngcd(i,n)=i=1ndgcd(i,n)φ(d)=i=1nd[di][dn]φ(d)=d=1n[dn]φ(d)i=1n[di]=d=1n[dn]φ(d)nd=dnφ(d)nd\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}\gcd(i,n) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{d\mid\gcd(i,n)}\varphi(d)\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{d}[d\mid i][d\mid n]\varphi(d)\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}[d\mid n]\varphi(d)\sum_{i=1}^{n}[d\mid i]\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}[d\mid n]\varphi(d)\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor\\ &=\sum_{d\mid n}\varphi(d)\frac{n}{d}\\ \end{align}i=1nlcm(i,n)=i=1ningcd(i,n)=i=1nd[gcd(i,n)=d]ind=i=1nd[gcd(id,nd)=1]didnd=d=1ni=1n[gcd(id,nd)=1]didnd=d=1nni=1nd[gcd(i,nd)=1]i=d=1nni=1ndjgcd(i,nd)μ(j)i=d=1nni=1ndj[ji][jnd]μ(j)i=dnni=1dj[ji][jd]μ(j)i=nj=1nμ(j)dn[jd]i=1d[ji]i=nj=1nμ(j)dn[jd]k=1djkj=nj=1njμ(j)dn[jd]k=1djk=nj=1ndnμ(j)[jd]d(dj+1)2=ndnjdμ(j)d(dj+1)2=n2dndjdμ(j)(dj+1)=n2dnd(jdμ(j)dj+[d=1])\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}lcm(i,n) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\frac{in}{\gcd(i,n)}\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{d}[\gcd(i,n)=d]\frac{in}{d}\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{d}[\gcd(\frac{i}{d},\frac{n}{d})=1]d\cdot\frac{i}{d}\frac{n}{d}\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}\sum_{i=1}^{n}[\gcd(\frac{i}{d},\frac{n}{d})=1]d\cdot\frac{i}{d}\frac{n}{d}\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}n\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}[\gcd(i,\frac{n}{d})=1]i\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}n\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j\mid gcd(i,\frac{n}{d})}\mu(j)i\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}n\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j}[j\mid i][j\mid \frac{n}{d}]\mu(j)i\\ &=\sum_{d\mid n}n\sum_{i=1}^{d}\sum_{j}[j\mid i][j\mid d]\mu(j)i\\ &=n\sum_{j=1}^{n}\mu(j)\sum_{d\mid n}[j\mid d]\sum_{i=1}^{d}[j\mid i]i\\ &=n\sum_{j=1}^{n}\mu(j)\sum_{d\mid n}[j\mid d]\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{d}{j}\rfloor}kj\\ &=n\sum_{j=1}^{n}j\mu(j)\sum_{d\mid n}[j\mid d]\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{d}{j}\rfloor}k\\ &=n\sum_{j=1}^{n}\sum_{d\mid n}\mu(j)[j\mid d]\frac{d(\frac{d}{j}+1)}{2}\\ &=n\sum_{d\mid n}\sum_{j\mid d}\mu(j)\frac{d(\frac{d}{j}+1)}{2}\\ &=\frac{n}{2}\sum_{d\mid n}d\sum_{j\mid d}\mu(j)(\frac{d}{j}+1)\\ &=\frac{n}{2}\sum_{d\mid n}d(\sum_{j\mid d}\mu(j)\frac{d}{j}+[d=1])\\ \end{align}i=1nlcm(i,n)=i=1ningcd(i,n)=i=1nd[gcd(i,n)=d]ind=i=1nd[gcd(id,nd)=1]didnd=d=1ni=1n[gcd(id,nd)=1]didnd=d=1nni=1nd[gcd(i,nd)=1]i=ndni=1d[gcd(i,d)=1]i=ndn(φ(d)d2+[d=1])\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}lcm(i,n) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\frac{in}{\gcd(i,n)}\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{d}[\gcd(i,n)=d]\frac{in}{d}\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{d}[\gcd(\frac{i}{d},\frac{n}{d})=1]d\cdot\frac{i}{d}\frac{n}{d}\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}\sum_{i=1}^{n}[\gcd(\frac{i}{d},\frac{n}{d})=1]d\cdot\frac{i}{d}\frac{n}{d}\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}n\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}[\gcd(i,\frac{n}{d})=1]i\\ &=n\sum_{d\mid n}\sum_{i=1}^{d}[\gcd(i,d)=1]i\\ &=n\sum_{d\mid n}(\frac{\varphi(d)d}{2}+[d=1])\\ \end{align}i=1nlcm(i,n)=i=1ningcd(i,n)=i=1nd[gcd(i,n)=d]ind=i=1nd[gcd(id,nd)=1]didnd=d=1ni=1n[gcd(id,nd)=1]didnd=d=1nni=1nd[gcd(i,nd)=1]i=d=1nni=1ndjgcd(i,nd)μ(j)i=ndnjndμ(j)i=1ndjij\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}lcm(i,n) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\frac{in}{\gcd(i,n)}\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{d}[\gcd(i,n)=d]\frac{in}{d}\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{d}[\gcd(\frac{i}{d},\frac{n}{d})=1]d\cdot\frac{i}{d}\frac{n}{d}\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}\sum_{i=1}^{n}[\gcd(\frac{i}{d},\frac{n}{d})=1]d\cdot\frac{i}{d}\frac{n}{d}\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}n\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}[\gcd(i,\frac{n}{d})=1]i\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}n\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j\mid gcd(i,\frac{n}{d})}\mu(j)i\\ &=n\sum_{d\mid n}\sum_{j\mid\frac{n}{d}}\mu(j)\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{dj}\rfloor}ij\\ \end{align}i=1nf(i)=i=1niik=i=1nini\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}f(i) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}i\sum_{i\mid k}\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}i\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor\\ \end{align}i=1nf(i)=i=1nid1=i=1nni\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}f(i) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{i\mid d}1\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor\\ \end{align}i=1nj=1n[gcd(i,j)=1]=2i=1nj=1i[gcd(i,j)=1]1=2i=1nφ(i)1\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{n}[\gcd(i,j)=1] &=2\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{i}[\gcd(i,j)=1]-1\\ &=2\sum_{i=1}^{n}\varphi(i)-1 \end{align}i=1nj=1m(2gcd(i,j)1)=2i=1nj=1mgcd(i,j)mn=2d=1min(n,m)i=1ndj=1mdd[gcd(i,j)=1]mn=2d=1min(n,m)di=1nd(j=1nd[gcd(i,j)=1]+j=nd+1md[gcd(i,j)=1])mn=2d=1ndi=1ndj=nd+1md[gcd(i,j)=1]+2d=1nd(2k=1ndφ(k)1)mn\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}(2\gcd(i,j)-1) &=2\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\gcd(i,j)-mn\\ &=2\sum_{d=1}^{\min(n,m)}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{d}\rfloor}d[\gcd(i,j)=1]-mn\\ &=2\sum_{d=1}^{\min(n,m)}d\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}(\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}[\gcd(i,j)=1]+\sum_{j=\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor+1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{d}\rfloor}[\gcd(i,j)=1])-mn\\ &=2\sum_{d=1}^{n}d\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j=\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor+1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{d}\rfloor}[\gcd(i,j)=1]+2\sum_{d=1}^{n}d(2\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\varphi(k)-1)-mn\\ \end{align}i=1nj=1m(2gcd(i,j)1)=2i=1nj=1mgcd(i,j)mn=2d=1min(n,m)i=1ndj=1mdd[gcd(i,j)=1]mn=2d=1ndi=1ndj=1mdkgcd(i,j)μ(k)mn=2d=1ndk=1ndμ(k)i=1nd[ki]j=1md[kj]mn=2d=1ndk=1ndμ(k)ndkmdkmn\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}(2\gcd(i,j)-1) &=2\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\gcd(i,j)-mn\\ &=2\sum_{d=1}^{\min(n,m)}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{d}\rfloor}d[\gcd(i,j)=1]-mn\\ &=2\sum_{d=1}^{n}d\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{k\mid\gcd(i,j)}\mu(k)-mn\\ &=2\sum_{d=1}^{n}d\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\mu(k)\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}[k\mid i]\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{d}\rfloor}[k\mid j]-mn\\ &=2\sum_{d=1}^{n}d\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\mu(k)\lfloor\frac{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}{k}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{\lfloor\frac{m}{d}\rfloor}{k}\rfloor-mn\\ \end{align}i=1nj=1m[gcd(i,j)=k]=i=1nkj=1mk[gcd(i,j)=1]=i=1nkj=1mkdgcd(i,j)μ(d)=d=1nkμ(d)i=1nk[di]j=1mk[dj]=d=1nkμ(d)nkdmkd\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}[\gcd(i,j)=k] &=\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{k}\rfloor}[\gcd(i,j)=1]\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{k}\rfloor}\sum_{d\mid\gcd(i,j)}\mu(d)\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}\mu(d)\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}[d\mid i]\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{k}\rfloor}[d\mid j]\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}\mu(d)\lfloor\frac{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}{d}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{\lfloor\frac{m}{k}\rfloor}{d}\rfloor\\ \end{align}i=1nj=1nd(i)d(j)d(gcd(i,j))=k=1ni=1nkj=1mkd(ik)d(jk)d(k)[gcd(i,j)=1]=k=1ni=1nkj=1mkd(ik)d(jk)d(k)tgcd(i,j)μ(t)=k=1nd(k)i=1nkd(ik)j=1mkd(jk)t=1nk[ti][tj]μ(t)=k=1nd(k)t=1nki=1nk[ti]d(ik)j=1mkd(jk)[tj]μ(t)=k=1nd(k)t=1nkμ(t)i=1nktd(itk)j=1mktd(jtk)\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{n}d(i)d(j)d(\gcd(i,j)) &=\sum_{k=1}^{n}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{k}\rfloor}d(ik)d(jk)d(k)[\gcd(i,j)=1]\\ &=\sum_{k=1}^{n}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{k}\rfloor}d(ik)d(jk)d(k)\sum_{t\mid\gcd(i,j)}\mu(t)\\ &=\sum_{k=1}^{n}d(k)\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}d(ik)\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{k}\rfloor}d(jk)\sum_{t=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}[t\mid i][t\mid j]\mu(t)\\ &=\sum_{k=1}^{n}d(k)\sum_{t=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}[t\mid i]d(ik)\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{k}\rfloor}d(jk)[t\mid j]\mu(t)\\ &=\sum_{k=1}^{n}d(k)\sum_{t=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}\mu(t)\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}{t}\rfloor}d(itk)\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{\lfloor\frac{m}{k}\rfloor}{t}\rfloor}d(jtk)\\ \end{align}

上面的式子做不了,内存会爆,继续化简 令x=ktx=kt

=k=1nd(k)x=1,kxnμ(xk)i=1nxd(ix)j=1nxd(jx)=x=1nkxd(k)μ(xk)i=1nxd(ix)j=1nxd(jx)=x=1ni=1nxd(ix)j=1nxd(jx)\begin{align} &=\sum_{k=1}^{n}d(k)\sum_{x=1,k\mid x}^{n}\mu(\frac{x}{k})\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{x}\rfloor}d(ix)\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{x}\rfloor}d(jx)\\ &=\sum_{x=1}^{n}\sum_{k\mid x}d(k)\mu(\frac{x}{k})\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{x}\rfloor}d(ix)\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{x}\rfloor}d(jx)\\ &=\sum_{x=1}^{n}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{x}\rfloor}d(ix)\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{x}\rfloor}d(jx)\\ \end{align}

p=mq+np=mq+n

k=1p12kqp+k=1q12kpq=k=1p12kqp+k=1q12kpq\begin{align} \sum_{k=1}^{\frac{p-1}{2}}\lfloor\frac{kq}{p}\rfloor+\sum_{k=1}^{\frac{q-1}{2}}\lfloor\frac{kp}{q}\rfloor &=\sum_{k=1}^{\frac{p-1}{2}}\lfloor\frac{kq}{p}\rfloor+\sum_{k=1}^{\frac{q-1}{2}}\lfloor\frac{kp}{q}\rfloor \end{align}

ikqp<i+1i\le\frac{kq}{p}<i+1 ipkq<ip+pip\le kq<ip+p ipqk<ip+pq\frac{ip}{q}\le k<\frac{ip+p}{q}

i=1nj=1m(nmodi)×(mmodj)=i=1nj=1m(nini)(mjmj)=i=1nj=1m(nmnjmjmini+ijnimj)=i=1nj=1mmni=1nnj=1mjmji=1nj=1mmini+i=1nj=1mijnimj=m2n2n2j=1mjmjm2i=1nini+i=1ninij=1mjmj\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}(n\bmod i)\times(m\bmod j) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}(n-i\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor)(m-j\lfloor\frac{m}{j}\rfloor)\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}(nm-nj\lfloor\frac{m}{j}\rfloor-mi\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor+ij\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{m}{j}\rfloor)\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}mn-\sum_{i=1}^{n}n\sum_{j=1}^{m}j\lfloor\frac{m}{j}\rfloor-\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}mi\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor+\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}ij\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{m}{j}\rfloor\\ &=m^{2}n^{2}-n^{2}\sum_{j=1}^{m}j\lfloor\frac{m}{j}\rfloor-m^{2}\sum_{i=1}^{n}i\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor+\sum_{i=1}^{n}i\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor\sum_{j=1}^{m}j\lfloor\frac{m}{j}\rfloor\\ \end{align}i=1n(nmodi)(mmodi)=i=1n(nini)(mimi)=i=1n(nmi(mni+nmi)+i2nimi)\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}(n\bmod i)(m\bmod i) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}(n-i\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor)(m-i\lfloor\frac{m}{i}\rfloor)\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}(nm-i(m\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor+n\lfloor\frac{m}{i}\rfloor)+i^{2}\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{m}{i}\rfloor) \end{align}kPi=1nj=1m[gcd(i,j)=k]=kPd=1nkμ(d)nkdmkd=kPT=1,kTnμ(Tk)nTmT=T=1nnTmTkP,kTμ(Tk)\begin{align} \sum_{k\in P}\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}[\gcd(i,j)=k] &=\sum_{k\in P}\sum_{d=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}\mu(d)\lfloor\frac{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}{d}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{\lfloor\frac{m}{k}\rfloor}{d}\rfloor\\ &=\sum_{k\in P}\sum_{T=1,k\mid T}^{n}\mu(\frac{T}{k})\lfloor\frac{n}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{m}{T}\rfloor\\ &=\sum_{T=1}^{n}\lfloor\frac{n}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{m}{T}\rfloor\sum_{k\in P,k\mid T}\mu(\frac{T}{k})\\ \end{align}i=1nj=1md(ij)=i=1nj=1md(ijgcd(i,j)2)=i=1nj=1md(i)d(j)d(gcd(i,j)2)=k=1ni=1nkj=1mkd(i)d(j)d(k2)[gcd(i,j)=1]=k=1nd(k2)i=1nkj=1mkd(i)d(j)tgcd(i,j)μ(t)=k=1nd(k2)t=1nkμ(t)i=1nktd(it)j=1mktd(jt)=k=1nd(k2)f(nk,mk)\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}d(ij) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}d(i'j'\gcd(i,j)^{2})\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}d(i')d(j')d(gcd(i,j)^{2})\\ &=\sum_{k=1}^{n}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{k}\rfloor}d(i)d(j)d(k^{2})[\gcd(i,j)=1]\\ &=\sum_{k=1}^{n}d(k^{2})\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{k}\rfloor}d(i)d(j)\sum_{t\mid \gcd(i,j)}\mu(t)\\ &=\sum_{k=1}^{n}d(k^{2})\sum_{t=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}\mu(t)\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{kt}\rfloor}d(it)\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{kt}\rfloor}d(jt)\\ &=\sum_{k=1}^{n}d(k^{2})f(\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor,\lfloor\frac{m}{k}\rfloor)\\ \end{align}

x=ktx=kt

=k=1nd(k)x=1,kxnμ(xk)i=1nxd(ix)j=1nxd(jx)=x=1nkxd(k)μ(xk)i=1nxd(ix)j=1nxd(jx)=x=1ni=1nxd(ix)j=1nxd(jx)\begin{align} &=\sum_{k=1}^{n}d(k)\sum_{x=1,k\mid x}^{n}\mu(\frac{x}{k})\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{x}\rfloor}d(ix)\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{x}\rfloor}d(jx)\\ &=\sum_{x=1}^{n}\sum_{k\mid x}d(k)\mu(\frac{x}{k})\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{x}\rfloor}d(ix)\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{x}\rfloor}d(jx)\\ &=\sum_{x=1}^{n}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{x}\rfloor}d(ix)\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{x}\rfloor}d(jx)\\ \end{align}

p=mq+np=mq+n

k=1p12kqp+k=1q12kpq=k=1p12kqp+k=1q12kpq\begin{align} \sum_{k=1}^{\frac{p-1}{2}}\lfloor\frac{kq}{p}\rfloor+\sum_{k=1}^{\frac{q-1}{2}}\lfloor\frac{kp}{q}\rfloor &=\sum_{k=1}^{\frac{p-1}{2}}\lfloor\frac{kq}{p}\rfloor+\sum_{k=1}^{\frac{q-1}{2}}\lfloor\frac{kp}{q}\rfloor \end{align}

ikqp<i+1i\le\frac{kq}{p}<i+1 ipkq<ip+pip\le kq<ip+p ipqk<ip+pq\frac{ip}{q}\le k<\frac{ip+p}{q}

i=1nj=1m(nmodi)×(mmodj)=i=1nj=1m(nini)(mjmj)=i=1nj=1m(nmnjmjmini+ijnimj)=i=1nj=1mmni=1nnj=1mjmji=1nj=1mmini+i=1nj=1mijnimj=m2n2n2j=1mjmjm2i=1nini+i=1ninij=1mjmj\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}(n\bmod i)\times(m\bmod j) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}(n-i\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor)(m-j\lfloor\frac{m}{j}\rfloor)\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}(nm-nj\lfloor\frac{m}{j}\rfloor-mi\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor+ij\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{m}{j}\rfloor)\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}mn-\sum_{i=1}^{n}n\sum_{j=1}^{m}j\lfloor\frac{m}{j}\rfloor-\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}mi\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor+\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}ij\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{m}{j}\rfloor\\ &=m^{2}n^{2}-n^{2}\sum_{j=1}^{m}j\lfloor\frac{m}{j}\rfloor-m^{2}\sum_{i=1}^{n}i\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor+\sum_{i=1}^{n}i\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor\sum_{j=1}^{m}j\lfloor\frac{m}{j}\rfloor\\ \end{align}i=1n(nmodi)(mmodi)=i=1n(nini)(mimi)=i=1n(nmi(mni+nmi)+i2nimi)\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}(n\bmod i)(m\bmod i) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}(n-i\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor)(m-i\lfloor\frac{m}{i}\rfloor)\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}(nm-i(m\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor+n\lfloor\frac{m}{i}\rfloor)+i^{2}\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{m}{i}\rfloor) \end{align}kPi=1nj=1m[gcd(i,j)=k]=kPd=1nkμ(d)nkdmkd=kPT=1,kTnμ(Tk)nTmT=T=1nnTmTkP,kTμ(Tk)\begin{align} \sum_{k\in P}\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}[\gcd(i,j)=k] &=\sum_{k\in P}\sum_{d=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}\mu(d)\lfloor\frac{\lfloor\frac{n}{k}\rfloor}{d}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{\lfloor\frac{m}{k}\rfloor}{d}\rfloor\\ &=\sum_{k\in P}\sum_{T=1,k\mid T}^{n}\mu(\frac{T}{k})\lfloor\frac{n}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{m}{T}\rfloor\\ &=\sum_{T=1}^{n}\lfloor\frac{n}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{m}{T}\rfloor\sum_{k\in P,k\mid T}\mu(\frac{T}{k})\\ \end{align}i=1nj=1md(ij)=i=1nj=1mxiyj[gcd(x,y)=1]=x=1ny=1mnxmy[gcd(x,y)=1]=x=1ny=1mnxmydgcd(x,y)μ(d)=d=1nμ(d)x=1n[dx]nxy=1m[dy]my=d=1nμ(d)x=1ndnxdy=1mdmyd\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}d(ij) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{x\mid i}\sum_{y\mid j}[gcd(x,y)=1]\\ &=\sum_{x=1}^{n}\sum_{y=1}^{m}\lfloor\frac{n}{x}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{m}{y}\rfloor[\gcd(x,y)=1]\\ &=\sum_{x=1}^{n}\sum_{y=1}^{m}\lfloor\frac{n}{x}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{m}{y}\rfloor\sum_{d\mid gcd(x,y)}\mu(d)\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}\mu(d)\sum_{x=1}^{n}[d\mid x]\lfloor\frac{n}{x}\rfloor\sum_{y=1}^{m}[d\mid y]\lfloor\frac{m}{y}\rfloor\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}\mu(d)\sum_{x=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\lfloor\frac{n}{xd}\rfloor\sum_{y=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{d}\rfloor}\lfloor\frac{m}{yd}\rfloor\\ \end{align}i=1nj=1nlcm(Ai,Aj)=2i=1nj=1i1lcm(Ai,Aj)i=1nAi=2i=1nj=1i1AiAjgcd(Ai,Aj)i=1nAi=2i=1nAij=1i1Ajgcd(Ai,Aj)i=1nAi\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{n}lcm(A_{i},A_{j}) &=2\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{i-1}lcm(A_{i},A_{j})-\sum_{i=1}^{n}A_{i}\\ &=2\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{i-1}\frac{A_{i}A_{j}}{\gcd(A_{i},A_{j})}-\sum_{i=1}^{n}A_{i}\\ &=2\sum_{i=1}^{n}A_{i}\sum_{j=1}^{i-1}\frac{A_{j}}{\gcd(A_{i},A_{j})}-\sum_{i=1}^{n}A_{i}\\ \end{align}

好神秘的做法,加一个出现次数就好做了

i=1Nj=1Nlcm(Ai,Aj)=i=1nj=1nlcm(i,j)sisj=i=1nj=1nijgcd(i,j)sisj=d=1ni=1nj=1nijdsisj[gcd(i,j)=d]=d=1ndi=1ndisidj=1ndjsjdkgcd(i,j)μ(k)=d=1ndk=1ndμ(k)k2(i=1ndkisidk)2=d=1nddQμ(Qd)(Qd)2(i=1nQisiQ)2=Q=1nQdQdμ(d)(i=1nQisiQ)2\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{N}\sum_{j=1}^{N}lcm(A_{i},A_{j}) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{n}lcm(i,j)s_{i}s_{j}\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{n}\frac{ij}{\gcd(i,j)}s_{i}s_{j}\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{n}\frac{ij}{d}s_{i}s_{j}[\gcd(i,j)=d]\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}d\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}is_{id}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}js_{jd}\sum_{k\mid\gcd(i,j)}\mu(k)\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}d\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\mu(k)k^{2}(\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{dk}\rfloor}is_{idk})^{2}\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}d\sum_{d\mid Q}\mu(\frac{Q}{d})(\frac{Q}{d})^{2}(\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{Q}\rfloor}is_{iQ})^{2}\\ &=\sum_{Q=1}^{n}Q\sum_{d\mid Q}d\mu(d)(\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{Q}\rfloor}is_{iQ})^{2}\\ \end{align}i=1nj=1nlcm(i,j)gcd(i,j)=i=1nj=1nijgcd(i,j)2=(n!)2ni=1nj=1n1gcd(i,j)2=(n!)2n2i=1nj=1i11gcd(i,j)4=(n!)2n2(i=1nj=1i11gcd(i,j))4\begin{align} \prod_{i=1}^{n}\prod_{j=1}^{n}\frac{lcm(i,j)}{\gcd(i,j)} &=\prod_{i=1}^{n}\prod_{j=1}^{n}\frac{ij}{\gcd(i,j)^{2}}\\ &=(n!)^{2n}\prod_{i=1}^{n}\prod_{j=1}^{n}\frac{1}{\gcd(i,j)^{2}}\\ &=(n!)^{2n-2}\prod_{i=1}^{n}\prod_{j=1}^{i-1}\frac{1}{\gcd(i,j)^{4}}\\ &=(n!)^{2n-2}(\prod_{i=1}^{n}\prod_{j=1}^{i-1}\frac{1}{\gcd(i,j)})^{4}\\ \end{align}i=1nj=1i11gcd(i,j)=d=1n1df(d)\begin{align} \prod_{i=1}^{n}\prod_{j=1}^{i-1}\frac{1}{\gcd(i,j)} &=\prod_{d=1}^{n}\frac{1}{d^{f(d)}} \end{align}f(d)=i=1nj=1n[gcd(i,j)=d]=i=1ndj=1nd[gcd(i,j)=1]=2i=1ndj=1i1[gcd(i,j)=1]1=2i=1ndφ(i)1\begin{align} f(d) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{n}[\gcd(i,j)=d]\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}[\gcd(i,j)=1]\\ &=2\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{i-1}[\gcd(i,j)=1]-1\\ &=2\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\varphi(i)-1\\ \end{align}

杜教筛

id=1φid=1*\varphii=1n(1φ)(i)=i=1ndi1(nd)φ(d)=d=1nφ(d)i=1nd=d=1ni=1ndφ(i)\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}(1*\varphi)(i) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{d\mid i}1(\frac{n}{d})\varphi(d)\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}\varphi(d)\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\varphi(i)\\ \end{align}d=1ni=1ndφ(i)=i=1n(1φ)(i)=i=1ni=n(n+1)2\begin{align} \sum_{d=1}^{n}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\varphi(i) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}(1*\varphi)(i)\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}i\\ &=\frac{n(n+1)}{2}\\ \end{align}S(n)=n(n+1)2d=2nS(nd)\begin{align} S(n)=\frac{n(n+1)}{2}-\sum_{d=2}^{n}S(\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor) \end{align}ε=1μ\varepsilon=1*\mui=1n(1μ)(i)=i=1ndiμ(d)=d=1ni=1ndμ(i)\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}(1*\mu)(i) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{d\mid i}\mu(d)\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\mu(i)\\ \end{align}S(n)=1d=2nS(nd)\begin{align} S(n)=1-\sum_{d=2}^{n}S(\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor) \end{align}i=1nj=1nijgcd(i,j)=d=1ni=1ndj=1ndijd3[gcd(i,j)=1]=d=1nd3i=1ndj=1ndijkgcd(i,j)μ(k)=d=1nd3k=1ndμ(k)i=1ndkikj=1ndkjk=d=1nd3k=1ndk2μ(k)(i=1ndki)2=d=1nd3k=1ndk2μ(k)s(ndk)=Q=1ndQd3(Qd)2μ(Qd)s(nQ)=Q=1nQ2s(nQ)dQdμ(Qd)=Q=1nQ2s(nQ)φ(Q)=Q=1ns(nQ)f(Q)\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{n}ij\gcd(i,j) &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}ijd^{3}[\gcd(i,j)=1]\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}d^{3}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}ij\sum_{k\mid\gcd(i,j)}\mu(k)\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}d^{3}\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\mu(k)\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{dk}\rfloor}ik\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{dk}\rfloor}jk\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}d^{3}\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}k^{2}\mu(k)(\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{dk}\rfloor}i)^{2}\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}d^{3}\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}k^{2}\mu(k)s(\lfloor\frac{n}{dk}\rfloor)\\ &=\sum_{Q=1}^{n}\sum_{d\mid Q}d^{3}(\frac{Q}{d})^{2}\mu(\frac{Q}{d})s(\lfloor\frac{n}{Q}\rfloor)\\ &=\sum_{Q=1}^{n}Q^{2}s(\lfloor\frac{n}{Q}\rfloor)\sum_{d\mid Q}d\mu(\frac{Q}{d})\\ &=\sum_{Q=1}^{n}Q^{2}s(\lfloor\frac{n}{Q}\rfloor)\varphi(Q)\\ &=\sum_{Q=1}^{n}s(\lfloor\frac{n}{Q}\rfloor)f(Q) \end{align}S(n)=i=1nf(i)=i=1ni2φ(i)S(n)=\sum_{i=1}^{n}f(i)=\sum_{i=1}^{n}i^{2}\varphi(i)i=1n(gf)(i)=i=1ndid2φ(d)g(id)=i=1ndii2φ(d)=i=1ni2diφ(d)=i=1ni3\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}(g*f)(i) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{d\mid i}d^{2}\varphi(d)g(\frac{i}{d})\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{d\mid i}i^{2}\varphi(d)\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}i^{2}\sum_{d\mid i}\varphi(d)\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}i^{3} \end{align}i=1n(gf)(i)=i=1ndif(d)g(id)=d=1ng(d)i=1ndf(i)=d=1ng(d)S(nd)\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}(g*f)(i) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{d\mid i}f(d)g(\frac{i}{d})\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}g(d)\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}f(i)\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}g(d)S(\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor)\\ \end{align}g(1)S(n)=i=1ni3d=2ng(d)S(nd)\begin{align} g(1)S(n)=\sum_{i=1}^{n}i^{3}-\sum_{d=2}^{n}g(d)S(\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor) \end{align}ab<pq<cd\frac{a}{b}<\frac{p}{q}<\frac{c}{d}aqb<p<cqd\frac{aq}{b}<p<\frac{cq}{d}aqb+1pcqd\lfloor\frac{aq}{b}\rfloor+1\le p\le \lceil\frac{cq}{d}\rceilaqbp1cq1d\lfloor\frac{aq}{b}\rfloor\le p-1\le \lfloor\frac{cq-1}{d}\rfloorax+bycax+by\le caxcbyax\le c-byxby+cax\le\lfloor\frac{-by+c}{a}\rfloori=0cbbi+ca=i=0n(aba+bmoda)i+ca\begin{align} \sum_{i=0}^{\lfloor\frac{c}{b}\rfloor}\lfloor\frac{-bi+c}{a}\rfloor &=\sum_{i=0}^{n}\lfloor\frac{-(a\lfloor\frac{b}{a}\rfloor+b\bmod a)i+c}{a}\rfloor \end{align}i=0cbbi+ca=i=0nj=0n[jbi+ca]=i=0nj=0n[jbi+c+1a1]=i=0nj=0n[j+1bi+c+1a]=i=0nj=0n[aj+abi+c+1]=i=0nj=0n[bicaja+1]=i=0nj=0n[iaj+ca+1b]=n+f(a,ca+1,b,m)\begin{align} \sum_{i=0}^{\lfloor\frac{c}{b}\rfloor}\lfloor\frac{-bi+c}{a}\rfloor &=\sum_{i=0}^{n}\sum_{j=0}^{n}[j\le\lfloor\frac{-bi+c}{a}\rfloor]\\ &=\sum_{i=0}^{n}\sum_{j=0}^{n}[j\le\lceil\frac{-bi+c+1}{a}\rceil-1]\\ &=\sum_{i=0}^{n}\sum_{j=0}^{n}[j+1\le\frac{-bi+c+1}{a}]\\ &=\sum_{i=0}^{n}\sum_{j=0}^{n}[aj+a\le-bi+c+1]\\ &=\sum_{i=0}^{n}\sum_{j=0}^{n}[bi\le c-aj-a+1]\\ &=\sum_{i=0}^{n}\sum_{j=0}^{n}[i\le \lfloor\frac{-aj+c-a+1}{b}\rfloor]\\ &=n+f'(-a,c-a+1,b,m) \end{align}i=1nj=1mk=1pgcd(ij,ik,jk)gcd(i,j,k)(gcd(i,j)gcd(i,k)gcd(j,k)+gcd(i,k)gcd(i,j)gcd(j,k)+gcd(j,k)gcd(i,j)gcd(i,k))=d=1ni=1ndj=1mdk=1pdgcd(idjd,idkd,jdkd)gcd(id,jd,kd)(gcd(id,jd)gcd(id,kd)gcd(jd,kd)+gcd(id,kd)gcd(id,jd)gcd(jd,kd)+gcd(jd,kd)gcd(id,jd)gcd(id,kd))[gcd(i,j,k)=1]=d=1nd2i=1ndj=1mdk=1pdgcd(ij,ik,jk)(gcd(i,j)gcd(i,k)gcd(j,k)+gcd(i,k)gcd(i,j)gcd(j,k)+gcd(j,k)gcd(i,j)gcd(i,k))[gcd(i,j,k)=1]=d=1nd2t=1ndi=1ndtj=1mdt[gcd(i,j)=1]k=1pd[gcd(k,t)=1]gcd(i,k)gcd(j,k)t(tgcd(i,k)gcd(j,k)+gcd(i,k)tgcd(j,k)+gcd(j,k)igcd(i,k))=d=1nd2t=1ndi=1ndtj=1mdtx[xi][xj]μ(x)k=1pdy[yk][yt]μ(y)(gcd(i,k)2+gcd(j,k)2+t2)=d=1nd2y=1ndμ(y)t=1ndyx=1ndtyμ(x)i=1ndtxyj=1mdtxyk=1pdy(gcd(ix,k)2+gcd(jx,k)2+t2)\begin{align} &\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{p}\gcd(ij,ik,jk)\gcd(i,j,k)(\frac{\gcd(i,j)}{\gcd(i,k)\gcd(j,k)}+\frac{\gcd(i,k)}{\gcd(i,j)\gcd(j,k)}+\frac{gcd(j,k)}{\gcd(i,j)\gcd(i,k)})\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{p}{d}\rfloor}\gcd(idjd,idkd,jdkd)\gcd(id,jd,kd)(\frac{\gcd(id,jd)}{\gcd(id,kd)\gcd(jd,kd)}+\frac{\gcd(id,kd)}{\gcd(id,jd)\gcd(jd,kd)}+\frac{gcd(jd,kd)}{\gcd(id,jd)\gcd(id,kd)})[\gcd(i,j,k)=1]\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}d^{2}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{p}{d}\rfloor}\gcd(ij,ik,jk)(\frac{\gcd(i,j)}{\gcd(i,k)\gcd(j,k)}+\frac{\gcd(i,k)}{\gcd(i,j)\gcd(j,k)}+\frac{gcd(j,k)}{\gcd(i,j)\gcd(i,k)})[\gcd(i,j,k)=1]\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}d^{2}\sum_{t=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{dt}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{dt}\rfloor}[\gcd(i,j)=1]\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{p}{d}\rfloor}[\gcd(k,t)=1]\gcd(i,k)\gcd(j,k)t(\frac{t}{\gcd(i,k)\gcd(j,k)}+\frac{\gcd(i,k)}{t\gcd(j,k)}+\frac{gcd(j,k)}{i\gcd(i,k)})\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}d^{2}\sum_{t=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{dt}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{dt}\rfloor}\sum_{x}[x\mid i][x\mid j]\mu(x)\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{p}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{y}[y\mid k][y\mid t]\mu(y)(\gcd(i,k)^{2}+\gcd(j,k)^{2}+t^{2})\\ &=\sum_{d=1}^{n}d^{2}\sum_{y=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\mu(y)\sum_{t=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{dy}\rfloor}\sum_{x=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{dty}\rfloor}\mu(x)\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{dtxy}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{dtxy}\rfloor}\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{p}{dy}\rfloor}(\gcd(ix,k)^{2}+\gcd(jx,k)^{2}+t^{2})\\ \end{align}min{i+j,i+k,i+j}+min{i,j,k}=min{i,j}+min{i,k}+min{j,k}min\{i+j,i+k,i+j\}+min\{i,j,k\}=min\{i,j\}+min\{i,k\}+min\{j,k\}i+j+i=i+i+ji+j +i=i + i + ji=1nj=1mk=1pgcd(ij,ik,jk)gcd(i,j,k)(gcd(i,j)gcd(i,k)gcd(j,k)+gcd(i,k)gcd(i,j)gcd(j,k)+gcd(j,k)gcd(i,j)gcd(i,k))=i=1nj=1mk=1pgcd(i,j)gcd(j,k)gcd(i,k)(gcd(i,j)gcd(i,k)gcd(j,k)+gcd(i,k)gcd(i,j)gcd(j,k)+gcd(j,k)gcd(i,j)gcd(i,k))=i=1nj=1mk=1p(gcd(i,j)2+gcd(j,k)2+gcd(i,k)2)\begin{align} &\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{p}\gcd(ij,ik,jk)\gcd(i,j,k)(\frac{\gcd(i,j)}{\gcd(i,k)\gcd(j,k)}+\frac{\gcd(i,k)}{\gcd(i,j)\gcd(j,k)}+\frac{gcd(j,k)}{\gcd(i,j)\gcd(i,k)})\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{p}\gcd(i,j)\gcd(j,k)\gcd(i,k)(\frac{\gcd(i,j)}{\gcd(i,k)\gcd(j,k)}+\frac{\gcd(i,k)}{\gcd(i,j)\gcd(j,k)}+\frac{gcd(j,k)}{\gcd(i,j)\gcd(i,k)})\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{p}(\gcd(i,j)^{2}+\gcd(j,k)^{2}+\gcd(i,k)^{2})\\ \end{align}f(n,m,p)=i=1nj=1mk=1pgcd(i,j)2=pd=1nd2i=1ndj=1md[gcd(i,j)=1]=pd=1nd2k=1ndμ(k)i=1ndkj=1mdk=pQ=1ndQd2μ(Qd)nQmQ=pQ=1nnQmQdQd2μ(Qd)\begin{align} f(n,m,p) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}\sum_{k=1}^{p}\gcd(i,j)^{2}\\ &=p\sum_{d=1}^{n}d^{2}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{d}\rfloor}[\gcd(i,j)=1]\\ &=p\sum_{d=1}^{n}d^{2}\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\mu(k)\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{dk}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{dk}\rfloor}\\ &=p\sum_{Q=1}^{n}\sum_{d\mid Q}d^{2}\mu(\frac{Q}{d})\lfloor\frac{n}{Q}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{m}{Q}\rfloor\\ &=p\sum_{Q=1}^{n}\lfloor\frac{n}{Q}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{m}{Q}\rfloor\sum_{d\mid Q}d^{2}\mu(\frac{Q}{d})\\ \end{align} i=1Aj=1Bk=1C(lcm(i,j)gcd(i,k))\begin{align} \prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}(\frac{lcm(i,j)}{\gcd(i,k)}) \end{align}i=1Aj=1Bk=1Clcm(i,j)=(i=1Aj=1Blcm(i,j))C\begin{align} \prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}lcm(i,j) &=(\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}lcm(i,j))^{C}\\ \end{align}i=1Aj=1Blcm(i,j)=i=1Aj=1Bijgcd(i,j)=(i=1Aj=1Bij)(i=1Aj=1B1gcd(i,j))=(B!)A(A!)B(i=1Aj=1B1gcd(i,j))=(B!)A(A!)B(d=1A1df(d))\begin{align} \prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}lcm(i,j) &=\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\frac{ij}{\gcd(i,j)}\\ &=(\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}ij)(\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\frac{1}{\gcd(i,j)})\\ &=(B!)^{A}(A!)^{B}(\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\frac{1}{\gcd(i,j)})\\ &=(B!)^{A}(A!)^{B}(\prod_{d=1}^{A}\frac{1}{d^{f(d)}})\\ \end{align}f(d)=i=1Aj=1B[gcd(i,j)=d]=i=1Adj=1Bd[gcd(i,j)=1]=i=1Adj=1Bd[gcd(i,j)=1]=k=1Adμ(k)AdkBdk\begin{align} f(d) &=\sum_{i=1}^{A}\sum_{j=1}^{B}[\gcd(i,j)=d]\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{A}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{B}{d}\rfloor}[\gcd(i,j)=1]\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{A}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{B}{d}\rfloor}[\gcd(i,j)=1]\\ &=\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{A}{d}\rfloor}\mu(k)\lfloor\frac{A}{dk}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{B}{dk}\rfloor\\ \end{align}i=1Aj=1Bk=1Cgcd(i,k)=(i=1Ak=1Cgcd(i,k))B\begin{align} \prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}\gcd(i,k) &=(\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{k=1}^{C}\gcd(i,k))^{B}\\ \end{align}i=1Ak=1Cgcd(i,k)=i=1Adf(d)\begin{align} \prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{k=1}^{C}\gcd(i,k) &=\prod_{i=1}^{A}d^{f(d)} \end{align}i=1Aj=1Bk=1C(lcm(i,j)gcd(i,k))ijk\begin{align} \prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}(\frac{lcm(i,j)}{\gcd(i,k)})^{ijk} \end{align}i=1Aj=1Bk=1Clcm(i,j)ijk=(i=1Aj=1Blcm(i,j)ij)C(C+1)2\begin{align} \prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}lcm(i,j)^{ijk} &=(\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}lcm(i,j)^{ij})^{\frac{C(C+1)}{2}} \end{align}h(n)=i=1niih(n)=\prod_{i=1}^{n}i^{i}i=1Aj=1Blcm(i,j)ij=i=1Aj=1B(ijgcd(i,j))ij=i=1Aj=1B(ij)iji=1Aj=1B(1gcd(i,j))ij=i=1AiiB(B+1)2j=1Bjiji=1Aj=1B(1gcd(i,j))ij=h(A)B(B+1)2h(B)A(A+1)2i=1Aj=1B(1gcd(i,j))ij\begin{align} \prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}lcm(i,j)^{ij} &=\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}(\frac{ij}{\gcd(i,j)})^{ij}\\ &=\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}(ij)^{ij}\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}(\frac{1}{\gcd(i,j)})^{ij}\\ &=\prod_{i=1}^{A}i^{i\frac{B(B+1)}{2}}\prod_{j=1}^{B}j^{ij}\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}(\frac{1}{\gcd(i,j)})^{ij}\\ &=h(A)^{\frac{B(B+1)}{2}}h(B)^{\frac{A(A+1)}{2}}\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}(\frac{1}{\gcd(i,j)})^{ij}\\ \end{align}g(d)=i=1nj=1mij[gcd(i,j)=d]=i=1ndj=1mdidjd[gcd(i,j)=1]=d2k=1ndμ(k)k2i=1ndkij=1mdkj\begin{align} g(d)=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{m}ij[\gcd(i,j)=d] &=\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{d}\rfloor}idjd[\gcd(i,j)=1]\\ &=d^{2}\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\mu(k)k^{2}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{dk}\rfloor}i\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{dk}\rfloor}j\\ \end{align}i=1Aj=1Bk=1C(lcm(i,j)gcd(i,k))gcd(i,j,k)\begin{align} \prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}(\frac{lcm(i,j)}{\gcd(i,k)})^{\gcd(i,j,k)} \end{align}i=1Aj=1Bk=1C(ijgcd(i,j))gcd(i,j,k)=i=1Aj=1Bk=1C(ij)gcd(i,j,k)i=1Aj=1Bk=1C(1gcd(i,j))gcd(i,j,k)\begin{align} \prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}(\frac{ij}{\gcd(i,j)})^{\gcd(i,j,k)} &=\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}(ij)^{\gcd(i,j,k)}\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}(\frac{1}{\gcd(i,j)})^{\gcd(i,j,k)} \end{align}i=1Aj=1Bk=1Cigcd(i,j,k)=i=1Aj=1Bk=1Cigcd(i,j,k)\begin{align} \prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}i^{\gcd(i,j,k)} &=\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}i^{\gcd(i,j,k)}\\ \end{align}F(i)=j=1Bk=1Cgcd(i,j,k)=didj=1Bdk=1Cd[gcd(i/d,j,k)=1]=didt=1Bdj=1Bdtk=1Cdt[gcd(i/d,t)=1][gcd(j,k)=1]\begin{align} F(i)=\sum_{j=1}^{B}\sum_{k=1}^{C}\gcd(i,j,k) &=\sum_{d\mid i}d\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{B}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{C}{d}\rfloor}[\gcd(i/d,j,k)=1]\\ &=\sum_{d\mid i}d\sum_{t=1}^{\lfloor\frac{B}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{B}{dt}\rfloor}\sum_{k=1}^{\lfloor\frac{C}{dt}\rfloor}[\gcd(i/d,t)=1][\gcd(j,k)=1]\\ \end{align}G(d)=i=1ndj=1md[gcd(i,j)=1]k=1pgcd(d,k)G(d)=\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{d}\rfloor}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor\frac{m}{d}\rfloor}[\gcd(i,j)=1]\sum_{k=1}^{p}\gcd(d,k)i=1Aj=1Bk=1C(lcm(i,j)gcd(i,k))f(type)=i=1Aj=1Bk=1C(ijgcd(i,j)gcd(i,k))f(type)\begin{align} \prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}(\frac{lcm(i,j)}{\gcd(i,k)})^{f(type)} &=\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}(\frac{ij}{\gcd(i,j)\gcd(i,k)})^{f(type)} \end{align}F(A,type)=i=1Aj=1Bk=1Cif(type)F(A,type)=\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}i^{f(type)}G(A,B,type)=i=1Aj=1Bk=1Cgcd(i,j)f(type)G(A,B,type)=\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}\gcd(i,j)^{f(type)}F(A,0)=i=1Aj=1Bk=1Ci=i=1AiBC=(A!)BC\begin{align} F(A,0)=\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}i &=\prod_{i=1}^{A}i^{BC}\\ &=(A!)^{BC} \end{align}G(A,B,0)=i=1Aj=1Bk=1Cgcd(i,j)=d=1Adi=1Aj=1Bk=1C[gcd(i,j)=d]=d=1AdCi=1Aj=1B[gcd(i,j)=d]=d=1AdCi=1A/dj=1B/d[gcd(i,j)=1]=d=1AdCt=1A/dμ(t)i=1Atdj=1Btd=(d=1Adt=1A/dμ(t)AtdBtd)C=(T=1AdTdμ(Td)ATBT)C=(T=1A(dTdμ(Td))ATBT)C\begin{align} G(A,B,0)=\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}\gcd(i,j) &=\prod_{d=1}^{A}d^{\sum_{i=1}^{A}\sum_{j=1}^{B}\sum_{k=1}^{C}[\gcd(i,j)=d]}\\ &=\prod_{d=1}^{A}d^{C\sum_{i=1}^{A}\sum_{j=1}^{B}[\gcd(i,j)=d]}\\ &=\prod_{d=1}^{A}d^{C\sum_{i=1}^{A/d}\sum_{j=1}^{B/d}[\gcd(i,j)=1]}\\ &=\prod_{d=1}^{A}d^{C\sum_{t=1}^{A/d}\mu(t)\sum_{i=1}^{\frac{A}{td}}\sum_{j=1}^{\frac{B}{td}}}\\ &=(\prod_{d=1}^{A}d^{\sum_{t=1}^{A/d}\mu(t)\lfloor\frac{A}{td}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{B}{td}\rfloor})^{C}\\ &=(\prod_{T=1}^{A}\prod_{d\mid T }d^{\mu(\frac{T}{d})\lfloor\frac{A}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{B}{T}\rfloor})^{C}\\ &=(\prod_{T=1}^{A}(\prod_{d\mid T }d^{\mu(\frac{T}{d})})^{\lfloor\frac{A}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{B}{T}\rfloor})^{C}\\ \end{align}F(A,1)=i=1Aj=1Bk=1Ciijk=i=1Aj=1BiijC(C+1)2=i=1AiiB(B+1)2C(C+1)2=(i=1Aii)B(B+1)2C(C+1)2=(i=1Aii)S1(B)S2(C)\begin{align} F(A,1)=\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}i^{ijk} &=\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}i^{ij\frac{C(C+1)}{2}}\\ &=\prod_{i=1}^{A}i^{i\frac{B(B+1)}{2}\frac{C(C+1)}{2}}\\ &=(\prod_{i=1}^{A}i^i)^{\frac{B(B+1)}{2}\frac{C(C+1)}{2}}\\ &=(\prod_{i=1}^{A}i^i)^{S_{1}(B)S_{2}(C)}\\ \end{align}G(A,B,1)=i=1Aj=1Bk=1Cgcd(i,j)ijk=(i=1Aj=1Bgcd(i,j)ij)S1(C)=(d=1Adi=1Aj=1Bij[gcd(i,j)=d])S1(C)=(d=1Add2i=1A/tj=1B/tij[gcd(i,j)=1])S1(C)=(d=1Add2t=1A/dμ(t)i=1A/dtj=1B/dtitjt)S1(C)=(d=1Add2t=1A/dμ(t)t2S1(Adt)S1(Bdt))S1(C)=(T=1AdTdμ(Td)T2S1(AT)S1(BT))S1(C)=(T=1A(dTdμ(Td)T2)S1(AT)S1(BT)S1(C)\begin{align} G(A,B,1)=\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}\gcd(i,j)^{ijk} &=(\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\gcd(i,j)^{ij})^{S_{1}(C)}\\ &=(\prod_{d=1}^{A}d^{\sum_{i=1}^{A}\sum_{j=1}^{B}ij[\gcd(i,j)=d]})^{S_{1}(C)}\\ &=(\prod_{d=1}^{A}d^{d^{2}\sum_{i=1}^{A/t}\sum_{j=1}^{B/t}ij[\gcd(i,j)=1]})^{S_{1}(C)}\\ &=(\prod_{d=1}^{A}d^{d^{2}\sum_{t=1}^{A/d}\mu(t)\sum_{i=1}^{A/dt}\sum_{j=1}^{B/dt}itjt})^{S_{1}(C)}\\ &=(\prod_{d=1}^{A}d^{d^{2}\sum_{t=1}^{A/d}\mu(t)t^{2}S_{1}(\lfloor\frac{A}{dt}\rfloor)S_{1}(\lfloor\frac{B}{dt}\rfloor)})^{S_{1}(C)}\\ &=(\prod_{T=1}^{A}\prod_{d\mid T}d^{\mu(\frac{T}{d})T^{2}S_{1}(\lfloor\frac{A}{T}\rfloor)S_{1}(\lfloor\frac{B}{T}\rfloor)})^{S_{1}(C)}\\ &=(\prod_{T=1}^{A}(\prod_{d\mid T}d^{\mu(\frac{T}{d})T^{2}})^{S_{1}(\lfloor\frac{A}{T}\rfloor)S_{1}(\lfloor\frac{B}{T}\rfloor})^{S_{1}(C)}\\ \end{align}F(A,2)=i=1Aj=1Bk=1Cigcd(i,j,k)=d=1Ai=1A/d(id)dj=1B/dk=1C/d[gcd(j,k)=1]=d=1At=1A/di=1A/td(itd)dμ(t)j=1B/dtk=1C/dt=d=1At=1A/di=1A/td(itd)dμ(t)BdtCdt=T=1A(dT(AT!TAT)dμ(Td))BTCT=T=1A((AT!TAT)φ(T))BTCT=T=1A(Tφ(T))ATBTCTT=1A((AT!)φ(T))BTCT\begin{align} F(A,2)=\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}i^{\gcd(i,j,k)} &=\prod_{d=1}^{A}\prod_{i=1}^{A/d}(id)^{d\sum_{j=1}^{B/d}\sum_{k=1}^{C/d}[\gcd(j,k)=1]}\\ &=\prod_{d=1}^{A}\prod_{t=1}^{A/d}\prod_{i=1}^{A/td}(itd)^{d\mu(t)\sum_{j=1}^{B/dt}\sum_{k=1}^{C/dt}}\\ &=\prod_{d=1}^{A}\prod_{t=1}^{A/d}\prod_{i=1}^{A/td}(itd)^{d\mu(t)\lfloor\frac{B}{dt}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{C}{dt}\rfloor}\\ &=\prod_{T=1}^{A}(\prod_{d\mid T}(\lfloor\frac{A}{T}\rfloor!T^{\lfloor\frac{A}{T}\rfloor})^{d\mu(\frac{T}{d})})^{\lfloor\frac{B}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{C}{T}\rfloor}\\ &=\prod_{T=1}^{A}((\lfloor\frac{A}{T}\rfloor!T^{\lfloor\frac{A}{T}\rfloor})^{\varphi(T)})^{\lfloor\frac{B}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{C}{T}\rfloor}\\ &=\prod_{T=1}^{A}(T^{\varphi(T)})^{\lfloor\frac{A}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{B}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{C}{T}\rfloor} \prod_{T=1}^{A}((\lfloor\frac{A}{T}\rfloor!)^{\varphi(T)})^{\lfloor\frac{B}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{C}{T}\rfloor}\\ \end{align}G(A,B,2)=i=1Aj=1Bk=1Cgcd(i,j)gcd(i,j,k)=d=1Ai=1A/dj=1B/d(dgcd(i,j))dk=1C/d[gcd(i,j,k)=1]=d=1Ai=1A/dj=1B/d(dgcd(i,j))dk=1C/dtgcd(i,j,k)μ(t)=t=1Ad=1A/ti=1A/dtj=1B/dt(dtgcd(i,j))μ(t)dk=1C/dt=t=1Ad=1A/ti=1A/dtj=1B/dt(dtgcd(i,j))μ(t)dCdt=t=1Ad=1A/ti=1A/dtj=1B/dt(dt)μ(t)dCdtt=1Ad=1A/ti=1A/dtj=1B/dt(gcd(i,j))μ(t)dCdt=T=1AdT(T)μ(t)dATBTCTg=1At=1A/gd=1A/tgi=1A/dtgj=1B/dtg(g)[gcd(i,j)=1]μ(t)dCdt=T=1A(T)φ(T)ATBTCTh=1Ag=1At=1A/gd=1A/tg(g)μ(h)μ(t)dCdtAdtghBdtgh\begin{align} G(A,B,2)=\prod_{i=1}^{A}\prod_{j=1}^{B}\prod_{k=1}^{C}\gcd(i,j)^{\gcd(i,j,k)} &=\prod_{d=1}^{A}\prod_{i=1}^{A/d}\prod_{j=1}^{B/d}(d\gcd(i,j))^{d\sum_{k=1}^{C/d}[\gcd(i,j,k)=1]}\\ &=\prod_{d=1}^{A}\prod_{i=1}^{A/d}\prod_{j=1}^{B/d}(d\gcd(i,j))^{d\sum_{k=1}^{C/d}\sum_{t\mid\gcd(i,j,k)}\mu(t)}\\ &=\prod_{t=1}^{A}\prod_{d=1}^{A/t}\prod_{i=1}^{A/dt}\prod_{j=1}^{B/dt}(dt\gcd(i,j))^{\mu(t)d\sum_{k=1}^{C/dt}}\\ &=\prod_{t=1}^{A}\prod_{d=1}^{A/t}\prod_{i=1}^{A/dt}\prod_{j=1}^{B/dt}(dt\gcd(i,j))^{\mu(t)d\lfloor\frac{C}{dt}\rfloor}\\ &=\prod_{t=1}^{A}\prod_{d=1}^{A/t}\prod_{i=1}^{A/dt}\prod_{j=1}^{B/dt}(dt)^{\mu(t)d\lfloor\frac{C}{dt}\rfloor}\prod_{t=1}^{A}\prod_{d=1}^{A/t}\prod_{i=1}^{A/dt}\prod_{j=1}^{B/dt}(\gcd(i,j))^{\mu(t)d\lfloor\frac{C}{dt}\rfloor}\\ &=\prod_{T=1}^{A}\prod_{d\mid T}(T)^{\mu(t)d\lfloor\frac{A}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{B}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{C}{T}\rfloor} \prod_{g=1}^{A}\prod_{t=1}^{A/g}\prod_{d=1}^{A/tg}\prod_{i=1}^{A/dtg}\prod_{j=1}^{B/dtg}(g)^{[\gcd(i,j)=1]\mu(t)d\lfloor\frac{C}{dt}\rfloor}\\ &=\prod_{T=1}^{A}(T)^{\varphi(T)\lfloor\frac{A}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{B}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{C}{T}\rfloor} \prod_{h=1}^{A}\prod_{g=1}^{A}\prod_{t=1}^{A/g}\prod_{d=1}^{A/tg}(g)^{\mu(h)\mu(t)d\lfloor\frac{C}{dt}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{A}{dtgh}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{B}{dtgh}\rfloor}\\ \end{align}

把后面那一坨拿出来

h=1Ag=1A/ht=1A/ghd=1A/tgh(g)μ(h)μ(t)dCdtAdtghBdtgh=Q=1AgQt=1A/Qd=1A/tQ(g)μ(Qg)μ(t)dCdtAdtQBdtQ=Q=1AgQT=1A/QdT(g)μ(Qg)μ(t)dCTATQBTQ=Q=1AgQ(T=1A/QdT(g)μ(Td)dCTATQBTQ)μ(Qg)=Q=1AgQ((g)T=1A/QdTμ(Td)dCTATQBTQ)μ(Qg)=T=1C(Q=1A/TgQgμ(Qg)ATQBTQ)φ(T)CT=T=1C(Q=1A/T(gQgμ(Qg))A/TQB/TQ)φ(T)CT\begin{align} \prod_{h=1}^{A}\prod_{g=1}^{A/h}\prod_{t=1}^{A/gh}\prod_{d=1}^{A/tgh}(g)^{\mu(h)\mu(t)d\lfloor\frac{C}{dt}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{A}{dtgh}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{B}{dtgh}\rfloor} &=\prod_{Q=1}^{A}\prod_{g\mid Q}\prod_{t=1}^{A/Q}\prod_{d=1}^{A/tQ}(g)^{\mu(\frac{Q}{g})\mu(t)d\lfloor\frac{C}{dt}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{A}{dtQ}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{B}{dtQ}\rfloor}\\ &=\prod_{Q=1}^{A}\prod_{g\mid Q}\prod_{T=1}^{A/Q}\prod_{d\mid T}(g)^{\mu(\frac{Q}{g})\mu(t)d\lfloor\frac{C}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{A}{TQ}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{B}{TQ}\rfloor}\\ &=\prod_{Q=1}^{A}\prod_{g\mid Q}(\prod_{T=1}^{A/Q}\prod_{d\mid T}(g)^{\mu(\frac{T}{d})d\lfloor\frac{C}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{A}{TQ}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{B}{TQ}\rfloor})^{\mu(\frac{Q}{g})}\\ &=\prod_{Q=1}^{A}\prod_{g\mid Q}((g)^{\sum_{T=1}^{A/Q}\sum_{d\mid T}\mu(\frac{T}{d})d\lfloor\frac{C}{T}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{A}{TQ}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{B}{TQ}\rfloor})^{\mu(\frac{Q}{g})}\\ &=\prod_{T=1}^{C}(\prod_{Q=1}^{A/T}\prod_{g\mid Q}g^{\mu(\frac{Q}{g})\lfloor\frac{A}{TQ}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{B}{TQ}\rfloor})^{\varphi(T)\lfloor\frac{C}{T}\rfloor}\\ &=\prod_{T=1}^{C}(\prod_{Q=1}^{A/T}(\prod_{g\mid Q}g^{\mu(\frac{Q}{g})})^{\lfloor\frac{A/T}{Q}\rfloor\lfloor\frac{B/T}{Q}\rfloor})^{\varphi(T)\lfloor\frac{C}{T}\rfloor}\\ \end{align}dr=dpq\lfloor d\sqrt r\rfloor=\lfloor d\frac{p}{q}\rfloor(1)k=12(kmod2)=12(k2k2)=12k+4k2(-1)^{k}=1-2(k\bmod2)=1-2(k-2\lfloor\frac{k}{2}\rfloor)=1-2k+4\lfloor\frac{k}{2}\rfloorf(a,b,c,n)=i=1nar+bcif(a,b,c,n)=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\lfloor\frac{a\sqrt r+b}{c}i\rfloor

t=ar+bct=\frac{a\sqrt r+b}{c}

f(a,b,c,n)=i=1nti=i=1ntiti+ti=i=1nti+i=1n(tt)i=tn(n+1)2+i=1n(ar+bct)i=tn(n+1)2+f(a,bct,c,n)\begin{align} f(a,b,c,n) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\lfloor ti\rfloor\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\lfloor ti-\lfloor t\rfloor i+\lfloor t\rfloor i\rfloor\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\lfloor t\rfloor i+\sum_{i=1}^{n}\lfloor (t-\lfloor t\rfloor) i\rfloor\\ &=\lfloor t\rfloor\frac{n(n+1)}{2} +\sum_{i=1}^{n}\lfloor (\frac{a\sqrt r+b}{c}-\lfloor t\rfloor) i\rfloor\\ &=\lfloor t\rfloor\frac{n(n+1)}{2}+f(a,b-c\lfloor t\rfloor,c,n) \end{align}

小于1

f(a,b,c,n)=i=1nti=i=1nj=1tn[j<ti]=i=1nj=1tn[j<ti]=i=1nj=1tn[i>jt]=i=1nj=1tn[i>jt]=j=1tn(njt)=ntni=1tnit=ntni=1tncar+bi=ntni=1tnacrbca2rb2i=ntnf(ac,bc,a2rb2,tn)\begin{align} f(a,b,c,n) &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\lfloor ti\rfloor\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor tn\rfloor}[j<\lfloor ti\rfloor]\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor tn\rfloor}[j<ti]\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor tn\rfloor}[i>\frac{j}{t}]\\ &=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor tn\rfloor}[i>\lfloor\frac{j}{t}\rfloor]\\ &=\sum_{j=1}^{\lfloor tn\rfloor}(n-\lfloor\frac{j}{t}\rfloor)\\ &=n\lfloor tn\rfloor-\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor tn\rfloor}\lfloor\frac{i}{t}\rfloor\\ &=n\lfloor tn\rfloor-\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor tn\rfloor}\lfloor\frac{c}{a\sqrt r+b}i\rfloor\\ &=n\lfloor tn\rfloor-\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor tn\rfloor}\lfloor\frac{ac\sqrt r-bc}{a^{2}r-b^{2}}i\rfloor\\ &=n\lfloor tn\rfloor-f(ac,-bc,a^{2}r-b^{2},\lfloor tn\rfloor) \end{align}n=i=1spiein=\prod_{i=1}^{s}p_{i}^{e_{i}}n=p=1×p>0n=p=1\times p--->0

f(n)f(n)表示nn被拆成互不相同的数之和的方案数
f(1)=0,f(2)=0,f(3)=1,f(4)=1,f(5)=2,f(6)=3,f(7)=4f(1)=0,f(2)=0,f(3)=1,f(4)=1,f(5)=2,f(6)=3,f(7)=4
7=1+6=2+5=3+4=1+2+47=1+6=2+5=3+4=1+2+4

Ci+xPi=Cj+xPj+yMC_{i}+xP_{i}=C_{j}+xP_{j}+yM(PiPj)xMy=CjCi(P_{i}-P_{j})x-My=C_{j}-C{i}

检查是否有非负整数解

ax+by=c,x=x0+b,y=y0aax+by=c,x=x_{0}+b,y=y_{0}-aax\equiv c(\bmod b) $$ 这里有问题

n=2^{e_{2}}5^{e_{5}}t,f(n,N)=\lfloor\frac{N}{t}\rfloor

\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}f(n) &=\sum_{e_{2}=0}\sum_{e_{5}=0}\sum_{i=1}^{\lfloor\frac{n}{2^{e_{2}}\times5^{e_{5}}}\rfloor}[\gcd(i,10)=1]\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor\ &=\sum_{e_{2}=0}\sum_{e_{5}=0}(F(m)-F(m/2)-F(m/5)+F(m/10))\ \end{align}

F(n)=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\lfloor\frac{n}{i}\rfloor

换一种更直接的枚举方式换一种更直接的枚举方式

\begin{align} \sum_{i=1}^{n}f(n) &=\sum_{t=1}^{n}\lfloor\frac{n}{t}\rfloor\times G(\lfloor\frac{n}{t}\rfloor) \end{align}

连续一段求和时,注意$t$既不是2的倍数,也不是5的倍数

\binom{n}{k}\bmod 2=\nu_{2}(n!)-\nu_{2}(k!)-\nu_{2}((n-k)!)=0?1:0

\begin{align} \prod_{i=l}^{r}lcm(a_{i},x) &=(\prod_{i=l}^{r}a_{i}x)\times(\prod_{i=l}^{r}\gcd(a_{i},x))^{-1} \end{align}

x=\prod_{i=1}^{s}p_{i}^{e_{i}}

i->2i(\bmod n+1)

i\times 2^{M}\equiv L(\bmod n+1)

i\equiv L\times (2^{-1})^{M}\equiv L\times(\frac{n+2}{2})^{M}(\bmod n+1)

g^{\sum_{i\mid s}\binom{s}{i}}